ACSM Personal Trainer Certification 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

The term for shoulder girdle movement upward is elevation. This movement involves lifting the shoulder blades, or scapulae, toward the ears, resulting in an upward movement that raises the shoulders. Elevation is essential in various activities, such as shrugging the shoulders or raising the arms overhead, and is a key motion performed during exercises that target the upper body, such as overhead presses.

In contrast, depression refers to the movement of the shoulder girdle downward, which would be the opposite of elevation. Circumduction is a circular movement that combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, often associated with joint movements like those of the shoulder or hip. Rotation pertains to movement around an axis, such as turning the head or twisting the torso. Understanding these terms is critical for personal trainers, as it helps in designing effective exercise programs and ensuring clients perform movements correctly and safely.