ACSM Personal Trainer Certification Practice Exam

Along with the hamstrings, which muscle is primarily responsible for extension and hyperextension at the hip joint?

1. Gluteus minimus

2. Gluteus medius

3. Gluteus maximus

4. Iliopsoas

The correct answer is: Gluteus maximus

The gluteus maximus plays a crucial role in hip extension and hyperextension due to its anatomy and function. This muscle, being the largest and most powerful hip extensor, is predominantly activated during movements such as rising from a seated position, climbing stairs, and running. Its fibers have a significant capacity for force production, particularly in activities where powerful extension is required. In contrast, the gluteus minimus and gluteus medius primarily function to stabilize the pelvis and facilitate hip abduction and medial rotation. While the iliopsoas is a significant hip flexor, it does not contribute directly to extension or hyperextension of the hip joint. Therefore, when considering the muscles involved in extending and hyperextending the hip, the gluteus maximus is the primary contributor due to its anatomical positioning and functional capabilities.