ACSM Personal Trainer Certification Practice Exam

Orthopnea is defined as:

1. Shortness of breath during exercise

2. Dyspnea occurring while lying down, relieved by sitting up

3. Immediate breathlessness upon standing

4. General fatigue when climbing stairs

The correct answer is: Dyspnea occurring while lying down, relieved by sitting up

Orthopnea is specifically characterized by difficulty breathing that occurs when an individual is in a supine or lying down position, which is relieved by sitting up. This condition often arises due to heart failure or other cardiopulmonary conditions that increase venous return to the heart when lying down, leading to pulmonary congestion and a sensation of breathlessness. When someone experiences orthopnea, they usually find immediate relief by repositioning themselves to a more upright posture, which decreases the pressure on the lungs and improves airflow. Understanding this condition is crucial for personal trainers and health professionals as it can indicate underlying health issues that may need to be addressed in a fitness program.