ACSM Personal Trainer Certification Practice Exam

What causes shin splints?

1. Direct trauma to the muscle

2. Inflammation of connective tissues

3. Weakness in core musculature

4. Muscle hypertrophy

The correct answer is: Inflammation of connective tissues

Shin splints, clinically referred to as medial tibial stress syndrome, primarily arise from the inflammation of the connective tissues surrounding the tibia, which is the bone in the front of your lower leg. This condition often occurs due to repetitive stress and overuse, particularly in activities such as running or jumping. When the muscles, tendons, or bone tissue become strained from excessive activity, inflammation can occur, leading to pain along the shin. Connective tissues, including the fascia and periosteum, are responsible for attaching muscle to bone and providing support. When these tissues become inflamed, they contribute to the discomfort that characterizes shin splints. The body needs time to recover from the stresses placed upon it, and neglecting this can perpetuate the cycle of inflammation and pain. While direct trauma to the muscle can cause localized issues, it is not the underlying cause of shin splints as commonly described. Weakness in core musculature might affect overall stability and movement efficiency, but it does not directly lead to shin splints. Muscle hypertrophy can occur with training but is not a primary factor contributing to the inflammation and pain seen in shin splints.